Voter Initiatives Affecting Ell - 1184 Words

State Voter Initiatives Affecting the Education of English Language Learners Jennifer Milam Grand Canyon University: ESL-523N January 30, 2013 State Voter Initiatives Affecting the Education of English Language Learners It is no secret that the debate over what is the best course of action to educate our non-native English language students across the country is a highly charged topic that runs from the classroom to Capitol Hill. There have been many shifts in direction and focus of educational programs for English Language Learning (ELL) students during the past century in our nations history. In 1968, with the passage of the Bilingual Education Act (Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act) legislation was†¦show more content†¦To many opponents of the bilingual education program that existed prior to these laws, encouraging bilingualism and biculturalism threatened the very definition of the American culture, which, they believed, promoted the values and language of a common group (Weisman and Hanson,2002). ). These proponents of the initiatives believed that new immigrants must abandon their na tive languages and cultural practices to fully assimilate into U.S. society. They feared that Spanish-speaking immigrants in particular had been clinging to their language and resisting learning English (Mora,2009). It remains to be seen the impact that this legislation has had on the academic outcomes of ELL students. In Arizona, research has suggested that the immersion program has been ineffective with only 11% of students entering the one year program actually obtaining English proficiency within a one year period (English for children, 2013). In California, due to the dramatic changes in the education policy of the state since the passage of Prop 227, it is difficult to measure the impact that Proposition 227 specifically has had on the outcome of these students (American Institutes for Research and WestEd, 2006). One thing is clear, the improvement in the outcomes for ELL students since the adoption of these state initiatives has not been noteworthy. While there has been a slight decrease in

Risk Managements Assessment Summary Free Essays

Health care organizations use risk management methods to guard their assets against likely threats brought on by legal liability. An important component of risk management programs inside the long-term care setting is the ability to reduce the amount of avoidable accidents and injuries and to reduce the financial severity of claims. Long-term care facilities offer a wide array of services to residents, and possible injuries is significant to the frail, elderly population they assist. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Managements Assessment Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Knowing how to recognize risks and plan proper methods and policies to lessen them necessitates frequent attention from leaders within the organization. The purpose of this summary is to focus on several examples of common risk elements in a long-term care facility and the ppolicymaking process used to evade or decrease their impact. Risk Management Risk management programs inside any organization involve a sthrong obligation from its leaders to be successful. Implementing documented processes for managing risk that supports the organization’s mission and goals aids leaders give employees and consumers self-assurance in the organization. Directors and senior leadership benefit from fostering functional collaboration promoting accomplishment of its programs among departments (Jones Cotta, 2009). Risk management allows a facility to nurture a work environment that encourages growth through training and education reduces risk. Organizational strength demonstrates innovative decision-making and openness to change. Nurturing a work environment that encourages growth through training and education reduces risk (Chee, Kamal, Wingender, 2011). Loss prevention efforts help to decrease risk expenses, permitting more funds for medical equipment, hospital facilities, and physician’s salaries, therefore increasing the value of the organization. A get-up-and-go risk-management approach aids in meeting business expansion plans. Risk management helps to recognize risk factors vital to shareholders. Money saved through risk-management activities can be openly reinvested back into the organization and community (Ceniceros, 2008). By devising policies in place and following procedures arrange for documentation of action, an essential tool in any legal proceeding. Quality Management A vital aspect of quality management is correct training of work processes. Implementing quality-management policies in agreement with regulatory guidelines helps guarantee quality of care in compliance with laws. Having solid leadership, committed to quality care helps to creates unity of determination and direction within an organization (Carroll, 2009). The organizational culture affects outcomes, such as ethical decision-making, performance, and promise. High pperforming organizations support cultures that have good communication skills. Knowing how one fits in with the rest of the organization gives employees a common sense of community and self-importance in one’s work (Chee, Kamal, Wingender, 2011). Upholding a sthrong organizational culture helps to increase patient’s quality of care. Quality management policies help strengthen confidence in the quality of care given and make medical outcomes better while reducing lawsuits. Policies in place offer a process for handling adverse events and giving stakeholders assurance that difficulties are being dealt with properly (Carroll, 2009). Identifying Risks Former lawsuits, allegations, and patient, or staff complaints first govern the documentation of health care risks in the long-term care facility. Data collected from sources, such as employee and staff incident reports, resident satisfaction surveys, workers compensation claims, and state licensure surveys are valuable in recognizing areas that pose risk (Candlin Candlin, 2002). Through analyzing former loss exposures, leaders can anticipate future problems permitting them to improve proper standards and guidelines to improve the quality of care. Risk analysis is the process of evaluating the possible loss linked by a specific risk identified and its probability of occurrence. Defining these two factors helps leaders select a suitable risk treatment ppolicy (Carroll, 2009). In a long-term care setting, management must have procedures in place for observing performance, both operational, and that connecting to the care of residents. Setting policies that bring into line with the organization’s mission and strategic goals, which consist of high-quality care will help safeguard compliance tthroughout the organization. Common Risks Three shared risks inside a long-term care facility consist of resident well-being, employee grievance, and medical mistakes. Each of these risks conveys the would-be for negative consequences that may end in lawsuits, worker’s compensation claims, or potential loss of life. By examining each risk and determining their bad effects on the facility and its stakeholders, the risk management professional can improve and apply a risk management plan and make the essential changes to organizational policies (Carroll, 2009). Resident Safety The expectation is for long-term care facilities to deliver residents quality care in a safe and secure environment. Making certain resident safety involves taking ample measures to offer an environment free of dangers, upholding safety standards by averting any type of injury to the residents’ physical, psychological, and emotional well-being (Rhodes, 2001). Continuing persistence in recognizing hazards and decreasing them must be a main concern of care giving. The most often reported incident in long-term care facilities is falls. Three out of four residents will fall each year and many result in a lawsuit. The most common reason for falls is existing health conditions affecting muscle weakness or trouble walking (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2009). Even though falls are unavoidable in a long-term care setting, risks can be cut-down with fall prevention strategies as well as staff education, decreasing risk factors like low lighting, wet floors, and inadequately fitted wheelchairs, and bringing together exercise programs to strengthen muscles and increase balance. Most essential, everyone working inside the facility from nursing to maintenance staff must be involved in fall prevention (Rhodes, 2001). Employee Injuries The nursing home industry has a highest rate of employee sickness and injury amid all of the United States businesses according to 2002 Bureau of Labor statistics. The most widespread threats include musculoskeletal ailments, and contact of blood and other communicable materials (United States Department of Labor, 2005). Obeying Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulatory requests regarding education and safety procedures, help alleviate these risks. Giving care for residents is physically trying on nursing staff. Activities such as lifting, moving, and walking residents increase the risks of injury to staff. Risk factors connected with these activities as defined by OSHA include: †¢Force- the amount of physical effort essential to do a task. †¢Repetition- regularly pperforming the same motions. †¢Awkward postures- Doing positions that put pressure on the body (OSHA, 2003). Recurring exposure to these risks can cause substantial musculoskeletal injury to employees. Loss linked with employee injuries include staffing shortages causing reduced quality of resident care, bigger workload for remaining staff, and workers compensation claims. To lessen the severity and occurrence of employee injury and illness management must offer solid support by developing clear goals and provide essential resources (OSHA, 2009). Providing mechanical lifting devices and demonstrating training in good body mechanics are two ways of decreasing risk of musculoskeletal injury. Medical Error According to Kapp (2003), a medical error is â€Å"defined as mistakes, inadvertent occurrences, or unintended events in health care delivery that may result in patient injury. The population living in long-term care facilities, on average, is elderly or disabled and necessitates assistance with three or more activities of daily living (ADL) for instance dressing, bathing, and eating. The likelihood of error in giving this care can be limitless. Furthermore, dementia, the most mutual health condition amid residents living in nursing homes, constrains the ability of many residents to take a significant role in planning and overseeing of their own care ( Kapp, 2003). Errors come in many forms in nursing homes. The high occurrence of illness amid residents calls for a significant amount of drugs ordered and dispensed. This leaves chance for meducation errors and adverse drug events (ADEs), which older individuals are most vulnerable. To increase resident safety, financial return, and clinical outcomes, policies, procedures, and systems that make sure safe meducation delivery are critical (Kapp, 2003). Another problem common in long-term care facilities is pressure ulcers, contained areas of skin damage over bony areas of the body, such as heels, buttocks, and hips. Risk factors for pressure ulcers include immovability, resistance, shear, incontinence, and poor nutrition, which are all preventable. Steps to escape pressure ulcers should be iincluded in routine quality care. Regular repositioning, skin examinations, the use of pressure releasing surfaces, and suitable nutritional intake should be constant during each shift for residents at risk of developing pressure ulcers. If these actions are not taken, quality care does not happen, opening the door for a lawsuit claiming neglect (Kapp, 2003). Conclusion Risk management efforts are difficult and leaders must attempt to safeguard every possible risk factor. These possible risk factors are linked with residents, medical staff, employees, and property that subject the long-term care facility to probable liability or loss. Risk factors need to be recognized and appropriate policies and procedures need to be put in place to reduce their occurrence. The high occurrence of medical error occurrences in long-term care has led to a highly controversial environment. How to cite Risk Managements Assessment Summary, Papers

Mencius Essay Example For Students

Mencius Essay The philosopher Mencius considered himself a follower of Confucius, and this is exactly what he was. He was Confuciuss greatest disciple. They were both teachers and tried very hard to influence the rulers of their day, although they both had very little luck. He was the chief architect of Confucian thought. He added components and gave others great emphasis. Mencius introduced the large component of compassion to Confucianism. He believed in the essential goodness of human nature and was highly skeptical of the government. Mencius believed that the qualities characteristic only to man were innate. These qualities were jen and yi. Confucius believed in ritual and humanity. Also religion as a motive of right conduct concerned Mencius much less than it did Confucius. Both Mencius and Confucius believed that it was the duty of a ruler to provide for the welfare of his people in both material goods and moral guidance. According to Mencius The people are the most important element in a na tion; the spirits of the land and grain come next; the sovereign counts for the least. The master said He who cultivates the five treasures and eschews the five evils is fit to govern. The five treasures are being generous without having to spend which can be done by allowing people to pursue what is beneficial to them, making people work, but only reasonable tasks, ambition without rapacity, authority but no arrogance, and he is stern but not fierce. The four evils are terror, which rests on ignorance and murder. Tyranny, which demands results without proper warning. Extortion, which is conducted through contradictory orders. Bureaucracy, which begrudges people their rightful entitlements.(p.100, 20.2) Unlike Confucius, Mencius believed that if a ruler cannot provide this for his people than the people no longer have to be loyal and if they believe strongly enough they can revolt. When Mencius found Prince Hui living in the lap of luxury while his people were perishing for lack of economic reforms he said In your kitchen there is fat meat, and in your stables their are sleek horses, while famine sits upon the faces of your people and men die of hunger in the fields. This is to be a beast and prey on your fellow men. They both believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to bring peace and order to the people they rule. The master said lead them by political maneuvers, restrain them with punishments: the people will become cunning and shameless. Lead them by virtue and restrain them with ritual: they will develop a sense of shame and a sense of participation.(p.6, 2.3) Confucius argued that the interests of the people should be first and the interests of the ruler should be last. Mencius emphasized goodness of human nature as the key to the recognition of social and political significance. As far as what is genuinely in him is concerned, a man is capable of becoming good, said Mencius. That is what I mean by good. As for his becoming bad that is not the fault of his native endowment. The heart of compassion is possessed by all men alike; likewise the heart of the heart of respect and the heart of right and wrong.(p.162, 6a6) Confucius said Is goodness out of reach? As soon as I long for goodness, goodness is at hand. They both believe that if you really want to be good you can, just by actually wanting to.(p.32, 7.30) They defiantly agree that all men have tendency to be good. Confucius spoke lots about the important things about what he was believed to be humane and Mencius expanded on the idea of humanity. The master said Whoever could spread the five practices everywhere in the world can implement humanity. Courtesy, tolerance, good faith, diligence, generosity. Courtesy wards off insults, tolerance win all hearts, good faith inspires the trust of others, diligence ensures success, generosity confers authority upon others.(p.86, 17.6) So basically to be humane you just have to practice these five things everywhere you go to show humanity. According to Mencius people are prone to be good, he says human nature is not does not show any preferences for good or bad just as water does not show any preferences for either east or west? Human nature is good just as water seeks low ground. There is no man who is not good; there is no water that does not flow downwards.(p.161, 6a2) Again showing he agrees with Confucius but he expands on the Idea by comparing It to water. He also goes on to say that man can go bad just like water can be splashed in all different directions. .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .postImageUrl , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:hover , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:visited , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:active { border:0!important; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:active , .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6 .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u53b846b056bdd67cd88233af09726ee6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Critical Thinking and Perception Paper Essay Confucius believed very strongly about respect for elders. Master said A man who respects his parents and his elders would hardly be inclined to defy his superiors. A man who is not inclined to defy his superiors will never foment a rebellion. A Gentleman works at the root. Once the root is secured, the Way unfolds. To respect the parents and elders is the root of humanity.(p.3, 1.2) This basically says that if you have respect for your elders you wont rebel against the people you respect, which should be the government. Mencuis says Their are no young children who do not know loving their parents, and none of them when they grow up will not know respecting their older brothers. Loving ones parents is benevolence; respecting ones elders is rightness. What is left to be done is simply the extension of these to the whole empire.(p184 7a16) To me Mencius says almost the exact same thing as Confucius accept that Confucius implies that the respect for the empire will be their automaticall y but Mencius is saying that respect for the empire is the one we still have to work on. The master said At home a young man must respect his parents; abroad, he must respect his elders. He should talk little but with good faith; love all people but associate with virtuous. Having done this, if he still has energy to spare let him study literature.(p.4, 1.6) Confucius tells about who we should respect both at home and abroad. He throws in his two cents about learning literature because that is what all great scholars will tell you. Mencius talks about the order of who to respect The man there is old and I treat him as elder. He owes nothing of his elderliness to me? Treating an elder man from chu is no different from treating an elder from my own family as elder? If a man from your village is a year older than your older brother who do you respect? My brother. In filling their cups with wine which do you give precedence to? The man from the village. (p163, 6a6) Confucius spoke about Home and abroad and Mencius spoke about how to treat someone when pouring them a glass of wine. Either way both teaching proper respect to elders in different situations.

Why We Are Responsible For Being Born

In our societies, persons identify themselves with individual and group identities. Every person is considered to be related to a certain race, religion, and other social aspects of life (Appiah, 2005). Identity refers to the unique characteristics that an individual or a group possesses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why We Are Responsible For Being Born specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The characteristics of a certain group influence whether an individual will remain or leave the group. Each group has unique social, political, and economic characteristics that are depicted in the behavior of each member. Cultural studies indicate that every person has unique identifiers such as nationality, race, ethnicity, history, religious beliefs, and language. In developed countries such as the United States of America, UK, and France, group identity is based on the social values and practices (Appiah, 2005). In this art icle, the events that led to the acquittal of George Zimmerman are analyzed with the aim of illustrating how tension between individual identity and group identity arises and how it can be resolved. The killing of Trayvon Martin by Zimmerman has never been documented with certainty. However, it is apparent that the two persons were from two different races (Yancy, 2013). Martin was an African-American, while Zimmerman is white American. The racial identity of Martin must have been the main cause that led to his killing. Therefore, it can be argued that Martin’s group identity and not his individual identity played a huge role in his demise. In the US, racial conflicts between the whites and blacks have existed for a long time. However, in some few scenarios murder cases between members of same races have been reported (Yancy, 2013). On 26 February 2012, the fateful day that Martin was murdered, Zimmerman was watching over the neighborhood in Sanford, Florida. Zimmerman was th en a community security guard and had a gun. Coincidentally, Martin had moved to stay temporarily in the Sanford neighborhood.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is reported that when Zimmerman spotted Martin walking around the neighborhood, he immediately informed the police. The police advised him not to confront the minor, but he ignored their orders and proceeded to confront the minor. What Zimmerman feared most was burglary related crimes. According to the context of the murder, it is clear that he believed that the blacks engage in burglary crimes. Because Martin was an African American, Zimmerman must have thought that the minor was up to something bad in the neighborhood. As such, Zimmerman intentions were prejudiced by the minor’s group identity. When Zimmerman confronted Martin, the two broke into a fight where he injured his nose. During the fight, Zimmerman shot Martin killing him on the spot. He later argued that he shot Martin while defending himself. It is apparent that Zimmerman did not take time to consider the individual identity of Martin, but instead judged him based on his group identity. Similarly, it is clear that Zimmerman did not interrogate the identity of Martin and the reason why he was walking around the neighborhood. If he had waited for the police to arrive and investigate Martin’s actions, he could not have killed him. Through this, he would have discovered that Martin was living temporarily in the neighborhood. Equally, he could have discovered that Martin was not a criminal despite being an African American. In addition, he would have realized that Martin was a minor. Therefore, the above conflicts are blamed on the tension between individual identity and group identity. Based on the above illustrations, it is apparent that Martin was a victim of group identity. For a very long time, African Americans have been associated with criminal acts such as burglary by the majority whites. Through this, some African individuals have been persecuted and even jailed for being black despite the fact that there were lawful individuals (Yancy, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why We Are Responsible For Being Born specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the case study, Martin was an innocent person and not a criminal as supposed by his attacker (Yancy, 2013). Based on Beller‘s arguments that we should be responsible for the actions of our groups, Martin bore the responsibility of being born into a black race. In his case, the group identity is stronger than the individual identity and it is the sole reason for his murder After the killings, Zimmerman was not arrested for the offense because he argued that he was defending himself and there were no evidence to prove otherwise. However, it is clear that he was not apprehen ded immediately because of his racial background. If Zimmerman came from African American background and Martin came from Caucasian origin, Zimmerman would have been apprehended by the police after the offense for further questioning. The above illustrations confirms Beller‘s arguments that group identity and individual identity have led to conflicts in our societies. The murder of Martin and acquaintance of Zimmerman demonstrated a degree of negligence on racial killing acts in the US (Pietruszynski, 2008). The group identity in most cases conflicts with the individual identity. In fact, Americans perceive the group identity to be more significant. As such, they base most of their judgment on group identity. The murder case of Martin attracted public attention and led to series of protests condemning the act. Most importantly, the public and other government agencies were furious because the murderer had not been arrested (Pietruszynski, 2008). Because Zimmerman was acquitted , I believe that the conflict in the American society concerning the group identity and individual identity has never been solved (Yancy, 2013). Therefore, as Beller argues Americans will still be accountable for dealing with injustices that result from their group identity regardless of whether they are responsible for the situations (Pietruszynski, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although conflicts exist between individual identity and group identity, it is unfair for individuals to be responsible for the actions they encounter in their lives. Despite the existence of the shared social characteristics, group judgment should not be used to discriminate against individuals. It is also true that the group action do not predict the behavior of an individual. Based on the above illustration, it is apparent that tensions between individual identity and group identity usually arise in our society. The circumstances determine why a person would choose to engage or not to engage more as a group member. The characteristics of a certain group influence whether an individual will remain or leave the group. The characteristics are dependent on the values and social facts of a particular group such as social, political, and economic factors that the group upholds. Depending on the context, individual identity at certain times conflict with the group identity. When there i s no clear boundary between the individual and group identity, then tension arises, hence the Beller’s conclusion on why we are responsible for being born holds. References Appiah, A. (2005). The ethics of identity. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Pietruszynski, J. (2008). Race, gender, and human identity in a diverse society: an anthology (9th ed.). Acton, Mass.: Tapestry Press. Yancy, G. (2013). Pursuing Trayvon Martin: historical contexts and contemporary manifestations of racial dynamics. Lanham: Lexington Boos. This essay on Why We Are Responsible For Being Born was written and submitted by user Archer Wiley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Firewood Species Burning Properties and Comparisons

Firewood Species Burning Properties and Comparisons Get Best Results by Seasoning Dense Wood Species You will get the best results and more heat per wood volume when burning the highest density (heaviest) wood you can find. Dense firewood will produce the highest recoverable BTUs, but all wood must be seasoned for best results. Seasoning lowers the moisture content so less energy is used to drive off water (which limits heat efficiency). Many of these heavy woods have excellent burning properties during the three stages wood goes through when burned. The final coaling stage is very important for sustaining heat over time. All of the best, and usually hardest and heaviest, wood species have excellent coaling properties as they continue burning after the initial moisture and all gasses are driven off. Use Denser Wood to Increase Heat Production Trees considered to be deciduous (lose their leaves in winter) and, more specifically, hardwoods tend to be a more dense wood and will burn hotter and longer than trees considered to be evergreen or softwood (there are some exceptions). Firewood will also burn hotter if seasoned under a shelter to reduce the moisture that drives off heating as wood burns. Wood heat value is measured in BTUs or British Thermal Units. The higher the BTU value, the more heat you get per unit of wood. Heating value is based on density, weight, BTUs, and coaling  ability. Next, well discuss the best and worst tree species to use for firewood ranked by their total ability to establish and retain heat: Five Best Firewood Tree Species Hickory: 25 to 28 million BTUs/cord - density 37 to 58 lbs./cu.ft.Oak: 24 to 28 million BTUs/cord - density 37 to 58 lbs./cu.ft.Black Locust: 27 million BTUs/cord - density 43 lbs./cu.ft.Beech: 24 to 27 million BTUs/cord - density 32 to 56 lbs./cu.ft.White Ash: 24 million BTUs/cord - density 43 lbs./cu.ft. Five Worst Firewood Tree Species White Pine: 15 million BTUs/cord - density 22 to 31 lbs./cu.ft.Cottonwood/Willow: 16 million BTUs/cord - density 24 to 37 lbs./cu.ft.Basswood: 14 million BTUs/cord - density 20 to 37 lbs./cu.ft.Aspen: 15 million BTUs/cord - density 26 lbs./cu.ft.Yellow Poplar: 18 mm million BTUs/cord - density 22 to 31 lbs./cu.ft.

The Spellings of Shun

The Spellings of Shun The Spellings of Shun The Spellings of Shun By Maeve Maddox Commenting on my post about the spelling thru for through, a reader writes: And, I faintly remember that there are some 52 ways of spelling the syllable -shun. Can you please, in one of your articles, or series of them, [list] them? As far as I can remember there are only two words that end with the spelling -shion for shun. Fashion and cushion. -tion, cion, sion, ssion, and how many more can be listed this way? It should be an interesting exercise. I think it would take considerable effort to come up with 52 ways of spelling the syllable -shun, but I have seen lists of as many as thirteen. Critics of English spelling delight in cataloging as many different ways of spelling a sound as possible in an attempt to prove that English spelling is impossible to master. I tend to agree with Romalda Spalding that the problem isnt English spelling; its the way that spelling is taught: It is the failure to combine the sounds with the spelling of English which makes it seem so difficult to learn and makes so many common words seem to be exceptions to the general rules of spelling. The Writing Road to Reading. Thats not to say that there arent a great many English words that defy all phonetic explanation, but when the beginner is taught the sound/symbol correspondences as thoroughly as they can be taught, fewer exceptions remain to be memorized. Building on the work of Anna Gillingham and Dr. Samuel Orton, Spalding presents the sounds of English in terms of phonograms, not letters or syllables. Most of the spelling permutations of shun are covered as the beginning reader learns the four phonograms that can represent the sh [ÊÆ'] sound: sh, ti, si, ci. English spelling isnt easy, but it is not the arcane science that its made out to be. If schools would adopt some version of the Gillingham-Orton Multisensory Method of reading instruction beginning with kindergarten, the appalling reading failure rate in U.S. schools could be significantly reduced. As things are now, this efficient method for teaching reading, writing, and spelling is kept in reserve for children who fail to learn to read by grade three or four. In some school districts, that can be as many as half the children in the fourth grade. Here are some shun spellings from Page Four of the student-kept notebook at the center of Spalding instruction: nation Venetian session mansion electrician ocean Words like fashion, and coercion are covered by different rules. The example ssion is not a valid spelling of shun. In a word like succession, for example, the first s belongs to the second syllable: suc-ces-sion. Its easy to ridicule English spelling. Its a little harder to master the rules and patterns. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?When to Form a Plural with an ApostropheHow to Treat Names of Groups and Organizations

Macroeconomics Problem Set 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Macroeconomics Problem Set 3 - Assignment Example d. What will the capital-output ratio be at the Golden Rule steady-state? (Hint: recall from Chapter 3 that for the Cobb-Douglas production function, the capital-output ratio is related to the marginal product of capital). 1. In this question, we examine how the goals of the Federal Reserve influence its response to shocks. Suppose that in scenario A, the Fed cares only about keeping the price level stable whereas in scenario B, the Fed cares only about keeping output and employment at their natural levels. Explain how in each scenario the Fed would respond to the following: A decrease in velocity causes a downward shift on the aggregate demand. Prices are fixed in the short run meaning only output decreases. To ensure output and unemployment are at their natural rates Fed B should increase the money supply to attain the initial equilibrium where prices and output will be constant. Fed, A should also increase the money supply to shift the aggregate demand curve upwards since this is the only way to ensure stable prices at their original equilibrium. This results to an upward shift of the supply curve. To ensure stable prices, Fed B should hold aggregate demand constant since prices will rise in the short run and then fall in the long run achieving the natural rate of unemployment. This might however result to a recession. To keep output and unemployment at their natural rate Fed B should increase the money supply hence shift the aggregate demand curve upwards. This results to a new equilibrium at higher prices, but there is no loss in output. Based on the quantity equation MV=PY, if Fed reduces the money supply by 5% the aggregate demand curve will shift downwards. A decrease in M will hence result in a decrease in PY provided V is constant. In the short run, the assumption is that the price levels are fixed meaning that that the aggregate

Sustainable Design in Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sustainable Design in Tourism - Essay Example It is only recently that there has been a growing recognition of the importance of combining the needs of traditional urban management (transportation, land use planning, marketing, economic development, fire, and safety etc.) with the need to plan for tourism.† Sustainable design includes structures, which need fewer materials, and resources to construct and maintain are relatively more healthy and comfortable to work and live in. it does not mean a new building style rather it is a revolution in how people think about design, build, and operate buildings. One of the main aims of sustainable design is to reduce the harm caused by poorly designed buildings by combining the best of old building approaches with the new technological advances. Sustainable tourism is â€Å"an industry which attempts to make a low impact on the environment and local culture while helping to generate income, employment, and the conservation of local ecosystems. It is responsible tourism which is both ecologically and culturally sensitive.† Constructions have huge impacts on the environment. In industrialized countries, carbon dioxide emissions from the constructions form the half of total national carbon emissions and construction waste account for 35-40 percent of national annual waste output. The 60’s of the twentieth century witnessed the construction of several hundred uncomfortable and uneconomical resorts which required most expensive devices of refrigeration and heating. Though modern construction is much more energy and resources efficient than the building’s in the 60’s, they are still far from sustainable and eco-friendly. It is a fact that many resorts continue to be designed with little regards for improved comfort, climate, or reduction of energy, water, and waste during construction and occupation.

Human imperfection Essay Example for Free

Human imperfection Essay There is a substantial debate among artists, critics and connoisseurs regarding the purpose of art. If views of painters like John Ruskin, writers like Robert Browning and art critic like Walter Pater are taken into account then it could be seen the perspective of the significance of art varies from person to person and school to school. Generally, the human race considers art as something that is pleasing to the eye or invokes certain emotions when viewed. And what many artists consider to be art is something which you can do and enjoy and in the end, produce something that gives a feeling of success. There are many different ways to express one using the concept called art. The most common style of art which most people think of when they think of art is the painting. The painting is usually just some form of paint media, whether oil or watercolor or whichever style it is, and the paint is then placed on some form of canvas. There are, however, literally hundreds of styles of art within the world. They range from the painting, which although never simple, isnt necessarily the most complex way to express yourself. Art can even be considered in simple writing, usually in the form of poetry. The spoken word can have a more profound effect than physical art. A simple poem can invoke a range of emotions rather quickly. If a poem refers to someone who is close to the author, the author may feel overwhelmed when viewing their own artistic expression. But a painting can just as easily invoke the same feelings as a written piece of art. And a simple sketch has the chance of being just as profound. (Lamb, 243-245) In this context Ruskin’s point of view should be taken into account as he pointed out that the primary purpose of art is to evoke the value of god by showing the detrimental side of the human nature. He advocated this thesis with high degree of indulgence in his text ‘Modern Painters’. On the other hand Browning’s views of art were different from that of Ruskin but was not contrasting as he believed that perfection is what that all mattered in art. According to his views art should cover up the human imperfection and present a faultless, great and ideal image of the human being. His point of view on art was mostly presented through the characters Andrea del Sarto and Fra Lippo Lippi. It could be assumed that according to Browning art resembled whatever that was beautiful and faultless. In sharp contrast the point of view of Walter Pater completely rejects the previous two ideas. According to Walter Pater art should always be sensual and provoking. His idea of art completely ignores the aspects of spiritualities and sentiments along with any relation to emotion and theology. According to him any art that fails to evoke sensual feeling or satisfies the erotic feelings of the audience could well be labeled as failed art. In this context it would be relevant to quote Sir Kenneth Clark from his text ‘The Nude’. He mentioned that â€Å"no nude, however abstract, should fail to arouse in the spectator some vestige of erotic feeling, even though it be only finest shadow-and it if does no do so, it is bad art and false moral†. (Clark, 79) However, it can be stated that Art could be considered something as simple as an action someone has done for a cause or for somebody. If someone holds the door for somebody else, it could be their art to be generous and gentlemanly. Even acts of crime can be considered forms of art. In many thieving circles, the method of breaking and entering or robbing places is merely called the Art of Theft. Thus one can never really limit art to one thing. Rather, it is a wide arrangement of things. And one can never truly crack down and say that something is only artistic if it is of some particular kind of medium, because somebody else will disagree. It can be stated that Art is basically anything that anyone does which has a profound effect on somebody or something else. From a simple act of kindness to a masterpiece painting that took years out of somebody’s life. Some art can be considered more complex, and some art can be considered simpler in contrast. But, the fact of the matter is, in the eye of the beholder, art could be anything. So is it really possible for us to define what art is or can we really set any realistic guidelines as to whats art and what isnt art? It is always possible to create guidelines, but it is often considered an art-form in itself to break said guidelines. Similarly, the aesthetics of art could well be beyond the definition set by rigid guideline and logically thus the significance or purpose of art remains a relative concept. But defining what is aesthetic and what isnt can also be quite an undertaking. Simply put, something that is aesthetically pleasing is something that appeals to the senses. For instance, flowers give a nice aesthetic sense of smell by offering their pleasant odors. A nicely painted picture can give off a nice aesthetic sight for somebody to enjoy. Often it is difficult to create something aesthetically pleasing, as there are many ways to easily offend peoples senses. For instance, if you wanted to create a painting to give off an aesthetic feeling of hope, you probably wouldnt use an over abundance of dark colors. Dark colors are often used to show calmness or even more commonly, something sad and depressing. Also, when painting, if you use wider and more circular strokes with a lighter press on your brush, youll give off more depressing tones and colors. So, it would be more advisable to use lighter colors and more agile handling of the brush. Lighter colors often give off a feeling of warmth and happiness, which is something that you would like to be doing if you would like to create something hopeful. (King, 126) However, it can be stated that it doesnt really matter whether or not we can define the significance of art, because art is just an expression. It is a method for human beings to get out their emotions and share them with the rest of the world. It helps to describe what cannot be spoken. A picture is worth a thousand words, but even those thousand words can yet again produce a thousand additional pictures. And in this method of thought, the significance of art has an infinite number of possibilities and an infinite number of ways to influence the lives of others. Thus the significance or the purpose of art lies in its spirituality, humane approach, sense of beauty and even sensuality all at the same time and there should not be any rigidity in this context. References: Clark, Kenneth; The Nude; (Alliance Publishers. 2002) King, H; Aesthetic Today (HBT Brooks Ltd. 2005) pp 126 Lamb, Davis; Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata. (National Book Trust. 2004) pp 243-245.

The Style of Alan Bennett’s Talking Heads :: Talking Heads

The Style of Alan Bennett’s Talking Heads Bennett states in his introduction that "forms....dictate themselves" and that material demands to be "written in a particular way and no other". Each of the characters, according to the author has a "single point of view" and none is "telling the whole story". He says that his characters are "artless" and "don't quite know what they are saying". It is true that this is so. We, the listeners, can make conjectures about all of them. Graham's ambiguous sexuality, Susan's alcoholism and Muriel's perverted husband are not revealed directly through any statements made to us. They are hinted at by what is left unsaid or by what is obliquely inferred. In a very real sense, though, this is true to life and Bennett cleverly constructs each monologue to be as realistic as possible. In speaking to an inanimate object - the camera - each character is, so to speak, alone. The audience is not "there", as far as the speaker is concerned. Better still, the camera is like a hidden priest in a confess ional. Each person is able to speak quite frankly to the anonymous listener. If we make judgements we have no means of interaction. This is not a two - way process of confidential gossip, for none of the characters expect a reply. Bennett lets his characters reveal themselves openly and we are left to form our own opinions of them. He calls the style "austere" and so it is, for there is no authorial decoration of expression. What each character actually says is all we are given to work on and we must sift the inner meanings for ourselves. One of the author's most impressive gifts is his ear for idiom. All of the characters use an idiomatic turn of phrase exactly suited to their lifestyles and backgrounds. Bennett's use of cliché is extensive, each character again using appropriate language with regard to background and upbringing. Their choice of idiom is often very funny, sometimes intentionally, as in the case of Susan's "Hazflor" episode and sometimes unintentionally, as in Doris's "Love God and close all gates". It is difficult to categorise the form of these stories. Bennett calls them monologues, which, strictly speaking, they are, but he also says that several of them could be plays.

Obtaining knowledge and skills for employment

Adult instruction fundamentally refers to educating grownups and besides referred to as the go oning instruction. It is of major importance in the society because it assists grownups in increasing their literacy degrees and besides in obtaining cognition and accomplishments that are necessary for employment and ego sufficiency. It besides assists the parent grownups in obtaining the educational accomplishments that are needed to go full spouses in the educational development of their several kids. It besides assists grownups in finishing their high school or secondary instruction. Unlike the immature scholars, grownup scholars are self- directed or independent in that they ever know the importance of the plans they are set abouting. There are assorted adult larning and literacy celebrations and events which promote the grownup instruction across the universe. This events and celebrations portion a common intent for they act as the protagonism tools used in raising the profile of the grownup scholars and besides womb-to-tomb larning. They besides mobilize the persons in taking the benefit of the battalion of the acquisition chances open to them. They besides serve as a reminder to the fact that grownup acquisition can be a powerful tool for alteration in the society. This research will concentrate on United States and Sweden as the selected states.Main organic structureThe definition and intents of grownup instruction in SwedenObviously, the assorted deliverables in the research are different in the two states as it will be established. In Sweden grownup instruction is extremely valued. The Swedish defines grownup instruction as the pattern of educating and besides learning the grownups. This can be carried out in the work topographic points through the go oning instruction or extension classs which are available at the colleges, universities, secondary schools, the womb-to-tomb acquisition centres, community colleges and the common people high schools. Harmoniz ing to the Swedish, the purpose of basic grownup instruction is to assist the grownups achieve the cognition and the accomplishments which are necessary when taking portion in working life or in the society as a whole. The grownup instruction is besides aimed at fixing them for their farther surveies. The purpose of the upper secondary grownup instruction is to help the grownups in geting accomplishments and cognition that are matching to the degrees which are set for the immature people at upper secondary school. Adult instruction in Sweden is besides aimed at helping people with larning disablements to get cognition and accomplishments which are matching to those which are acquired by the immature people in particular schools. There are many grownups immigrants who merely know their native linguistic communications. The grownup instruction will help these grownup immigrants in geting the basic cognition of the Swedish linguistic communication ( Sweden.gov.se, 2010 ) . The broad grownup instruction is aimed at heightening people ‘s ability to act upon their ain lives and besides further a committedness to the desired development of the society. The broad sort of grownup instruction is besides aimed at beef uping and developing democracy, broadening grownup involvements in the humanistic disciplines, increasing engagement in the cultural life, single creativeness and besides encouraging experiences. The other purpose of grownup instruction is rational growing. This is because many people will value larning for its ain interest. Sweden has continuously held the grownup instruction celebrations and events in publicity of grownup instruction. For illustration in the twelvemonth 2003, the Swedish instruction ministry commissioned the Swedish educational broadcast medium company for the grownup scholars ‘ hebdomad. This larning festival took topographic point from the 30th of March to the 4th of April in an unfastened house which was prearranged at the UR. The chief subject of the Swedish grownup instruction celebrations and events is to raise the consciousness of the different and besides interesting larning chances for the experience grownup scholars, reach the new groups of scholars and besides inform the determination takers on the assorted activities.The definition and intents of grownup instruction in United States of AmericaThe Americans define grownup instruction as the extension of the educational chances to the grownups who are above the age of general p ublic instruction and have the willingness to farther surveies or preparation. Adult instruction in America has assorted intents or ends. One of the chief ends of big instruction in America is the development of the rational powers of the head this is because it awakens the unconditioned powers of the head so as to further the truth and velocity of the logical idea. The waking up of the unconditioned powers of the head besides helps in raising the introverted consciousness so that one is in touch with the full cognition base and can easy entree it either intuitively or from the coincident multiple positions. The waking up of the unconditioned powers of the head helps the grownups to stay aware at all times so that they may non be taken over by wonts or conditioned plans. Another end of the American grownup instruction is the nutriment of behaviours that guarantee endurance of the human species, persons and societies and behavioural alteration, and to further societal, economic and p olitical alterations in the society both culturally and structurally. In this state ( America ) , it is estimated that around 86 % of its grownup population has completed high school and even go on their instruction up to the unmarried man grade or even higher. It is besides estimated that the university or college alumnuss receive higher wages than high school alumnuss. This means that grownup instruction is aimed at advancing the person financially and even in his calling field. It is true that the American society has a high respect for the grownup instruction celebrations and events because in the late 1980 the American association for the promotion of instruction fueled the move of making a wider jubilation of the grownup instruction. The US besides holds its grownups scholars hebdomad yearly with the purpose of easing environments which are contributing to the grownups larning activities and besides see the grownup larning procedure as a tool and a right for sustainable develo pment. For illustration the US grownup ‘s instruction hebdomad focused on the congressional breakfast for the outstanding scholars which was backed by a battalion of activities for the AAAE members.The general intents of instruction shared by Sweden and the United StatesThere are common general intents of grownup instruction in these two states. One of these intents is the personal growing and development. This is because many o these grownup pupils seek farther instruction with the purpose of self realization and the publicity of single growing. For illustration an person might fall in a class or an educational plan non merely for the content but besides for the contact with the other persons in an agreeable scene. Another general intent of big instruction in these states is the societal betterment. Surveies have indicated that many grownups further their instruction with the purpose of deriving new cognition and accomplishments which will assist them in bettering their perso nal or the calling state of affairs. For illustration a individual who left the surveies early might desire to acquire a certification that which cements of lineations his or her basic competency when it comes to the employment affairs. Another general intent of big instruction in these two states is the organisational effectivity. This happens when groups, companies and another signifier of organisations fundss or patrons the scholar ‘s activities of its grownup members, voluntaries and employees with the purpose of impeling them in to accomplishing the organisational ends. This is chiefly achieved through the on-site human resource related development plans or through distance educational plans. Another general intent of big instruction in these two states is rational growing where by grownups prefer to farther instruction for its ain interest. The other general intent of grownup instruction which is shared by these two states is the societal transmutation. This is because o rganisations which ever favor the societal alteration and policy protagonism may make up one's mind to make their grownup members through the grownup instruction therefore altering the people and besides disputing whish are bing in the societal systems.Barriers of grownup instruction in Sweden and the United StatesIn these two states ( America and Sweden ) , the Numberss of grownup scholars are high though they are encountered by some jobs which bar them from accomplishing their maturity educational success. For illustration there are busy female parents, male parents and individual parent who have really demanding or tasking work agendas for they have to manage the house clasp duties and at the same clip go to to their educational affairs. In these states you will happen that some grownups can non successfully finish their surveies because they are non financially capable of financing their surveies. This is because they may be missing employment or the incomes from their wages are excessively low to provide for their instruction and all the other demands. Some of them can non easy entree the classs they want because of the linguistic communication barriers. For illustration you will happen that some linguistic communications are hard to understand intending a foreign grownup pupil may neglect academically or even take longer clip in a peculiar grownup instruction class due to miss of rudimentss of the linguistic communication in that state. Again, the systems of instruction tend to change from one state to another. For illustration you will happen that a foreign pupil may be confused by the state ‘s instruction systems if it differs from his or her native state. For case in some states one is required to undergo some initial surveies before inscribing for a grade and other states have more study clip when it comes to some classs unlike others. Other grownups will get down some plans and they will neglect to finish it because of hard work agendas and co mplexnesss. For illustration the nature of some occupations calls for more clip and the manual 1s are excessively boring such that one has no energy to concentrate on the non-working activities. Another barrier to adult instruction in these states is transit. Some of the grownup pupils are excessively old to sit a bike to the colleges and others find the fueling of the vehicles to and from school excessively expensive to take attention of. The addition in the Numberss of the grownup instruction pupils has been prompted by the discarding of the traditional theoretical account and the incorporation of the broad or flexible attack of carry oning and scheduling categories. This attack involves the alteration of hours both at dark and during the weekends so as to suit the grownup pupil life ‘s agenda ( Dey, 2010 ) . Unlike Sweden, the United States been crippled with ethnicity since the colonial period. Due to this ethnicity Black and Hispanic grownup Americans could non be accommodated in the major plans of the so Native Americans. The relationship between the informal instruction and go oning instruction in Sweden and America is really expressed. This is because in both states it is clear that the go oning instruction is incorporated in the informal instruction. This is because the go oning instruction is non planned and examined officially. Again its constructions and procedures are non purely adhered to as in the formal 1. In Sweden you will happen that the relationship between the informal and the formal types of instruction is positive because the formal and informal acquired competences are recognized. This is because their position of acknowledgment can give one the chance to come in into the formal instruction system hence bettering the employment possibilities depending on the labour market. You will happen that in both states there is the mutuality sort of relationship between the formal instruction, informal instruction and the professional development. This is prompted by the fact that for one to ge t the accomplishments needs for employment he must go through through the formal instruction system. Again informal instruction can hone some assorted countries of formal instruction more so in countries where manual accomplishments are required. The relationship between professional development and the go oning instruction is dependent because grownups will hold to set about some plans so as to hone their work accomplishments.Historical influences of grownup instructionOne of the historical influences of grownup instruction in America was the rise of large concerns and the technological promotions such as mills which required skilled workers. This was in the twelvemonth 1910. In Sweden the grownup instruction was propelled by the most intense revolution. For illustration the industrial middle class ‘s had the involvement of holding the sort of manual labour that was capable of take parting in productiveness. The emerging working category had the involvement of directing the n ew preparation possibilities and conditions which where brought by the production procedure. The working category besides had the involvement of making the conditions of ego emancipation and besides in get the better ofing the societal divisions which were straight related to labour. It was besides influenced by the societal categories which were unifying with the purpose of making new provinces so as to get alternate to developing as a agency to accomplishing national fusion and the munition of the government categories ( Federighi, 2010 ) . In both states you will happen that due to the increasing engineerings there is demand for farther instruction so as to increase the accomplishments and cognition of the required by the employers.Economic factorsThe economic provinces of the citizens have influenced the grownup instruction in these states both positively and negatively. For illustration people who are acquiring higher incomes or wages are progressively traveling for big instruc tion but on the other manus people who acquiring hapless wages or income are unable to finish their grownup surveies or even inscribing. Due to recession many people are losing their occupations and unemployment rate is lifting. This means that they are non capable of paying for their instruction ( Lucifora & A ; Biagi, 2005 ) . These big instruction plans are really expensive and it hence makes hard for many to afford. Statistics in the US and Sweden indicate that all grownup instruction pupils, even the most rich all affluent depend extremely on the external factors for their fiscal endurance in this academic establishments. Due to these fiscal troubles these two authoritiess have moved in to guarantee that they assist their several grownup pupils with their fiscal constrains. For illustration in the United States of America you will happen that most of the grownup instruction pupils in the station secondary establishments extremely depend on a combination of direct support and tu ition from the province or authorities for their funding. There is besides federally backed which act as the cardinal fiscal underpin for the grownup instruction pupils. The fiscal aid from the authoritiess has assisted the several grownup instruction pupils in to completion of their academic plans and besides many grownups are now encouraged into go oning their instruction since the economic barriers are minimized by the authorities support.Political factorsSome of the political factors that influence the grownup instruction in the America and in Sweden include the authorities and the legal processs. These two authoritiess have formulated policies on how to fund grownup instruction so as to advance the accomplishments of the national work force. In the United States you will happen that some of the legal processs are required before a individual enrolls for the grownup instruction plan. The work of the authorities engagement in these states is to guarantee that ordinances are follo wed so that the criterions of this grownup instruction plans can be maintained. Political instability makes it trouble for many grownups to prosecute farther instruction because of either fright of the physical force or deficiency of finance. It is expressed that many unstable states ever have fallen or unsteady currencies, many people lose occupations and others may acquire ache when the disputing groups come in to reach. For many old ages at that place has been political peace in both Sweden and America. This has promoted the stableness of these authoritiess and that ‘s why there are good planned and equipped educational plans and establishments where the grownup pupils can inscribe for their instruction without major troubles. Stable authoritiess besides promote big instruction in that they collect adequate grosss that enable them to finance grownup instruction therefore encouraging many grownups in to fostering their instruction due to the lessened fiscal constrains. There are some societal factors which affect the nature of grownup instruction in America and Sweden. For illustration you will happen that some persons will go to the grownup instruction for its ain interest. Others will travel for it due to prestige. For illustration you will happen that erudite people are extremely valued in the society because they are believed to be knowing. In the American and Swedish societies you find that no 1 wishes to be left behind as the others get richer in accomplishments and incomes and that is why employees will choose for big instruction. Other societal factors affect grownup instruction negatively. For illustration during the periods of racism in America the inkinesss and the Hispanics were segregated and they hence could n't derive entree to this instruction and merely a few managed to go to. There are assorted factors that influence the nature of instruction both in Sweden and in America. They include the race ethnicity, faith, and socio-economic particularly the inflow of immigrants which characterizes the two states. Most of the immigrants had low incomes so they tended to go to the grownup instruction establishments that fitted their economic and societal degree. Another societal factor that affects big instruction in both Sweden and America is related to the turning diverseness of the population. This is because apart from supplying instruction to the turning figure of the minorities many universities besides have to supply instruction to the older population which is ever seeking the long life larning chances. This means that there will be a societal dissatisfaction with the higher instruction and the universities and they hence have to go through immediate cost and needs to the grownup pupils and other pupil who are the portion of the establishment. Another societal factor which influences instruction in these two states is gender. Since clip immemorial at that place have been the issues of gender stereotyping in the society whereby the females are perceived to be weak and non capable of prosecuting in to demanding undertakings. Due to this sex sort of pigeonholing many hubbies have assumed that their grownup partners can non successfully inscribe into the higher instruction and hence suppressing them from inscribing into the grownup instruction class. However thanks to civilization many married females are now inscribing in to adult instruction plans compared to the past old ages. Other societal factors which affect grownup instruction in the two states include the ego construct and the household or work backgrounds. For illustration grownups like to be identified with their age. Some grownups will presume that their age is above the school traveling and they will therefore leave schooling to the immature population therefore d enying themselves some good chances which include upward mobility in their several occupations. The grownup pupils from unstable households as a consequence of matrimonial struggles may happen their instruction uneasy to manage because some of these matrimonial struggles tend to be nerve-racking particularly when they lead to disassociate. Adult pupils from the work backgrounds where the direction does n't recommend for instruction for upward mobility might happen it hard to continues or even inscribe into big instruction plan for they may acquire small or no support therefore happening it hard to finance their higher instruction.Cultural factorsThere are some cultural issues that affect adult instruction in both Sweden and the United States. For illustration the cultural attitudes have a really large impact on the grownup ‘s attitude to larning this is brought approximately by the different national features that make it unsafe for the grownups to presume that another states educational thoughts, public presentation and establishments are better than those from their native states. This is really common in Sweden and in America because some pupils hold the civilization that some of the grades and sheepskin from their native states are non every bit valuables as those from the other states like the United Kingdom and they hence make agreements to go on their instruction in the foreign states. Another cultural factor that affects big instruction in these two states is the clip orientation. This is because the American and the Swedish civilizations are really much clip oriented. For illustration in America clip is extremely valued and utilized and even the instruction system is geared towards the appropriate clip direction. This makes some of the minority groups to be disadvantaged by the instruction system because their civilization make non make non emphasize or even stress the sense of urgency. Examples of this minority groups include the native America and the Latino Americans. Besides in Sweden the Swedish-Finns besides do non value clip orientation and some of them are extremely disadvantaged in the Swedish educational system because their civilizations besides do non emphasize the sense of urgency as it is required. Another cultural factor that affects big instruction in these two states is the societal category and ethnicity. It is believed that low societal category people who come from the minority cultural groups are seen to be the under winners. This is non do some of the grownup to miss the motive to go on with their instruction since there assume that they might non be successful in the completion of their surveies. Again the people from the lower societal categories tend to miss adequate fiscal capableness to foster their instruction because for most of the bash non hold good occupations which can convey adequate income to fund their instruction. Another cultural factor that affects big instruction is the cultural belief that females are of course weak. This premise makes the grownups females feel less attracted in go oning with their instruction because some of them besides believe that they can non do it. Some females may besides be denied the chance to go on with their instruction bec ause their hubbies or parents fail to fund them due to the premise that females are less of import in the society an d their continued instruction will be of no kernel in the society.Section 2Myths environing grownup instructionOne of the issues that relates to adult instruction in America and Sweden is the myths environing it. For illustration you will happen that most of the grownups fear the continuity of their instruction because of the environing people in the society. Some of the myths provide a negative position of the grownup instruction. For illustration it is believed that go oning instruction is merely meant for the smart people. This happens to be false because grownups ever have an already built in sort of cognition of experience and life of which they can ever pull upon. It is besides assumed that advanced instruction is merely meant for the immature. This is non true because some college pupils are in their 60s, 70s and 80 yet the mean age estimated for the college pu pils it at 30s. Others assume that the cost of the advanced grownup instruction is non deserving the disbursal. This is decidedly false because a college grade alumnus will ever bring a batch of money in the occupation market compared to the high school alumnus. It is besides believed that grownups make excessively much money for assistance. This is of class untrue because assistance in these two states is ever available for the grownups who even make more than $ 80,000 yearly ( Wetzel, 2008 ) . These authoritiess should guarantee that they educate their citizens on the advantages and benefits involved when go on his instruction. Harmonizing to the US section of labour 80 % of grownups who engage in continued instruction are likely to graduate with a unmarried man or a Masters grade compared to the less than 50 % those who attend college instantly from high school. To promote more grownups to go on their instruction, these authoritiess should explicate the processs which will extinguish the concerns and raise the consciousness of these benefits. The grownups should be educated that advanced classs leads to an improved calling, by increasing the opportunities of publicity, salary increases and the fact that one will go marketable in his field of calling. These two states should besides understand that increased rates of continued instruction can take to improved lives of the employees and can animate the immature into bettering their instruction.Educational costAnother issue confronting big instruction in America and Sweden is based on some of the barriers of higher instruction particularly the cost. Some of the universities and colleges charge their classs so expensive such that the grownup pupils can non afford without aid either from the authorities or other private variety meats. The Swedish and the American authoritiess should explicate policies that will guarantee that the grownup pupils are funded so that their fiscal duties are lessened. These policies may include the federal or province backed loans or grants and besides authorities funding either in the tuition or direct funding of the grownup pupil ‘s instruction.This means that many will be motivated to further their instruction for their ain improvement. This authorities should besides guarantee that their several instruction systems are reformed to suit these grownup pupils. This is because many employees and the house-helps have clip particularly during the twenty-four hours to go t o their talks. These reforms should affect the proviso of categories at the eventide and even during the weekends so that the grownup pupil may hold adequate clip to go to their academic slots or school agendas. Another barrier is the geographical location of the grownup pupils ‘ places and work topographic points. It is clear that many will non hold adequate clip for going particularly in the far establishments due to tight agendas. This is because many colleges may be located really far from the people places or topographic points of work intending many grownups will hold to go many kilometres before they get to their several colleges or universities therefore troubling them when it comes to clip direction. These authoritiess should therefore devise ways to supply grownups education closer to antagonize this tight work agendas. E-learning is one of the options which can help the pupils in finishing the academic undertakings at place. The e-learning will enable many pupils to acquire the content from the talks through the cyberspace and besides even sent their finished assignment through electronic mails therefore doing it easier for the pupils to make their assignment without covering long distances. This is really of import in antagonizing the distance barrier and besides cut downing clip direction incommodiousnesss. Demand for big instruction fluctuates together with the economic system sometimes. When the public presentation of the economic system is good and so workers in this sector go difficult to happen, most employers do loosen up on their criterions. This has ended in most of them engaging workers who do n't hold a GED or even perfect English proficiency that is required in United States for illustration. This makes it hard for grownup scholars to acquire maximal support from their teacher since English is chiefly used as the linguistic communication of direction. Those who are immigrants normally face the highest challenges in such instances. The minute economic systems soften employers so alteration and go more selective. This creates a challenge for pupils because they find that they must hold excess instruction if they have to set down occupations in the grownup instruction sector. Adult instruction categories have to confront major alterations in footings of support. This has caused the figure of learning staff to maintain on fluctuating twelvemonth by twelvemonth. In both states, budget force per unit areas have been attributed to the limited support in big instruction. The consequence of this is that most plans are forced to trust more on voluntaries where authoritiess and other organisations do n't do up any difference. United States is one of those states where there are alone in-migration policies. Additionally, this state has comparative prosperity compared to others. This has therefore affected the figure of immigrants come ining United States. This has created a demand for English to Speak of Other Languages ( ESOL ) instructors every academic twelvemonth. This is ever a pressure job for grownup instruction in United States. Sweden has restructured its instruction system. The ground why this was done was to do certain that the concluding merchandises of their instruction system have the qualities and properties that are desired in the market. This scheme has really negative effects on grownup instruction values. The major instruction values that have been affected of late due to reconstituting are creativeness and humanitarianism. This has lowered the quality of instruction that is provided to grownups in Sweden. Gender facet is one of the most of import things in big instruction development in Sweden. Sweden has experienced an inequality in the working life between adult females and work forces. It has become ever hard to interrupt traditions that grownup pupils have on class picks. Educational paths for grownup pupils have ever proved a uninterrupted challenge. Most surveies have indicated that attempts in seeking to better on this have ever been really weak. It has been established that the figure of adult females enrolled in municipal grownup instruction has ever been higher compared to that of work forces. For illustration, in 2006/2007, adult females made 67 % of the entire registration. On top of this, they have the inclination of doing gender-related and traditional picks in municipal grownup instruction. Programs of attention and nursing are dominated by adult females while proficient oriented 1s have been dominated by work forces. The major job in such state of affairss is that adult females finally end with consequences that are non promising as those of work forces. A study from Swedish Trade Union Confederation has indicated that even after go toing municipal grownup instruction, adult females find it hard to set down occupations after vocational preparation. It has been an issue since adult females have been known to be less successful compared to work forces.

“One Out of Many” by V.S. Naipaul Essay

Read â€Å"One Out of Many† by V.S. Naipaul (in the Anthology, A World of Difference, pp. 261-94). Discuss the ways in which the author explores the concept of freedom in the story. â€Å"One Out of Many†, a short story by the famous Trinidad-born British writer V. S. Naipaul, first published in his anthology In a Free State in 1973, is a story which concerns a young Indian man from Bombay who starts a new life and struggles with his own personal identity in the city of Washington D.C. Through narrative structure within the short story Naipaul seems to question the meaning of freedom, and what constitutes freedom on both a societal, and personal level. In order to fully explore the theme of freedom within the plot and the narrative of â€Å"One Out of Many†, it is worthwhile to mention a few of its key elements, and how they fit into a wider political, and social context. There are a number of important events that happen to the main protagonist, Santosh, that help to shape his own sense of self identity and thus bring him to question the freedom which he has in his own life. The first of these events is Santosh’s emigration to Washington D.C. with his employer, which causes Santosh to leave his wife and two children behind. Even at this early point in the story Santosh is divided. â€Å"Was there a job for me in Bombay?† Santosh questions himself, showing a reluctance to stay on in his native city without the security that has been provided for him by his vocation and his employer. Sometime into his stay in Washington D.C., Santosh seems to gain a greater sense of self-identity (which will be looked at in more depth later), and a sexual encounter with a â€Å"hubshi† woman at the time of the race riots in Washington D.C. leads him to abandon the life he has with his employer and to become a more independent citizen. This leads our protagonist on to what could be seen as one of his most important realisations in terms of his own sense of personal freedom within a wider context. Having met an Indian restaurant owner named Priya, Santosh discovers that a lot of his fellow employees within the restaurant are  indeed Mexicans who wear turbans in order to give a faà §ade of being Indian men. â€Å"Their talk amid the biryanis and the pillaus was all of papers and green cards,† notes Santosh, â€Å"They were always about to get green cards or they had been cheated out of green cards or they had just got green cards†. It is this talk of legal and illegal citizenship that leads Santosh to question his own freedom within US society, and eventually make a very important decision that will bring him a certain amount of freedom. Naipaul uses first person narrative effectively in order to bring the reader closer to the main protagonist, Santosh. Through this first person narrative the reader gains an insight into Santosh’s naivety within his new surroundings in Washington D.C., and his initial experiences within it. At times, therefore, it could be said that it is necessary for Naipaul to portray Santosh as a rather simplistic character in order to show just how little Santosh knows of the USA and the cultural differences between it and his native Bombay. Naipaul manages to achieve a much more, it could be said, â€Å"personal† experience for the reader through these means, with the reader also also being able to feel the same â€Å"fish out of water† feeling that is portrayed throughout Santosh’s travels and the â€Å"adventure† which unravels before him. Naipaul really emphasises the theme of freedom when Santosh seems to speak directly to the reader, and this is no more evident than when Santosh, upon realising his living space is a cupboard, says, â€Å"I understood I was a prisoner. I accepted this and adjusted †¦ I was even calm†. He is a prisoner not just of circumstance, but of his place on the class ladder. Later, upon leaving the confines of the cupboard and going on his â€Å"adventure†, he pursues what some would call the â€Å"American Dream†, and it is effective how Naipaul seems to allow the reader to question themselves with regards to just how â€Å"free† Santosh becomes. Another example of this effective use of first person narrative is when Santosh describes his guilt and desire for repentance directly after what he sees as a shameful sexual encounter with a â€Å"hubshi† woman. Incidentally, this is a key event in Santosh’s eventual pursuit of freedom. Throughout the story Santosh seems to gain a greater sense of identity, and a stronger perception himself. On his flight to Washington D.C. Santosh, thrust into an environment which is entirely alien to any aspect of his life  in Bombay (which is described thoroughly and affectionately at the beginning of the story), Santosh immediately begins to note the reactions that people have to him. He especially notices an â€Å"airline girl†, and notes that â€Å"[she] didn’t like me at all†. The girl then proceeds to ignore Santosh, and this first cultural encounter with Western people who look down upon his somewhat shabby appearance teaches him to question the way he comes across to others. This is reflected throughout the story in Santosh’s various mentions of mirrors, and his own reflection within them. It is later on when Santosh has his first walk through the streets of Washington D.C. that he himself finds himself looking down on other people – the â€Å"hubshi† people, or African Americans, whom he has never encountered in his own life until then. Even though Santosh himself has been looked down upon by many people on his journey west, for example the aforementioned girl on the plane, he still percieves the â€Å"hubshi† people to be below him, an opinion which was held very widely at the time the short story is set. Meanwhile, Santosh seems to constantly fight an internal battle between his old spiritual identity, and the more materialistic, consumerist American way of life. By writing in the first person, the author really outs this point across as the reader is given a deep insight into the inner turmoil that Santosh experiences as a result of his own culture shock. A key incident in the short story which makes Santosh think about the differences in these two cultures is when a wealthy man comes to dinner, and seems to insult his employer by describing an incident in which he paid a servant to cut off a statue’s head within a temple in India. Santosh’s disagreement with this sacreligious, â€Å"illegal† act is heightened by the reader’s existing knowledge of Santosh’s own spirituality, which is derived from a previous incident in which Santosh described praying to ornamental Eastern statues which have been erected in his employer’s apartment. From a political point of view, it could be said that it is somewhat crucial that Santosh arrives in Washington D.C. during the civil rights movement in the US, shortly before the race riots of the 1960’s, which occur sometime into the story, with Santosh describing â€Å"the city on fire†. Even though Santosh is looked down upon by many people he encounters on his journey west, for example the air hostess on the plane there, he still percieves the â€Å"hubshi† people he finds in  Washington D.C. as below him. This is highlighted by many of Santosh’s statements throughout the short story, and indeed when he questions i f his punishment for having sex with the hubshi maid may be being reincarnated as a â€Å"hubshi† himself. It could be argued that the character Santosh’s lack of freedom in his own life is shown by Naipaul by the number of things that happen to him in his life that are out of his control. However, this seems to be altered towards the end of the story with Santosh’s final decision to marry the hubshi woman who has sought him out in order to gain legal US citizenship. This piece of advice is ultimately suggested to Santosh by Priya, who has seen Santosh living with anxiety in the knowledge that he is an illegal immigrant and could be deported. On a purely societal level therefore, Santosh has gained a superficial form of freedom through his marriage to the hubshi maid. The power that the short story has, as a medium, to convey many ideas and concepts within a relatively short narrative space is, it could be said, proven by the many concepts and themes that V.S. Naipaul explores within the story. All of these themes seem to relate back to the concept of freedom. In the first few paragraphs of the story alone, Santosh brings up many of the ideas that are explored throughout his change of setting and his struggles brought on by it. He describes the â€Å"respectabl e people† as opposed to â€Å"riff raff†, and then, while observing â€Å"the workings of fate†, mentions â€Å"the importance of his employer†. This could be seen as a metaphor for the question that the whole story centres around, and that is, how much freedom does the character Santosh have, and how much of his life is ultimately in his own control?

The effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women The WritePass Journal

The effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women Research background The effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women ; Boqacka, et.al. 2011). Furthermore, it has also been reported that after absorption in the intestine, the storage of vitamin D occurs in adipose and muscle tissue, which then slowly releases into the blood stream. Defect in this storage system or pathway may result the deficiency of vitamin D and may have an impact in determining the level of body’s fat and adipose tissue (Salehpour, 2012). Hence, it is believed that the deficiency of vitamin D may induce obesity. Research aims Having reviewed the available literature in the subject, this research project is therefore aimed to: Investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy, overweight and obese women of Saudi Arabia Investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on body composition in overweight and obese women of Saudi Arabia These aims were targeted with the views to providing evidence regarding the association between vitamin D supplements and obesity. Saudi population were given the preference as the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as well as of diabetes in Saudi Arabian population is very high (Ardawi, et.al.2012). Research methods Female population between the ages of 18 and 50 will be studied. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 2 groups will be randomly given a vitamin D3 supplement or a placebo (control group) for 12 weeks. Comparison of the levels of vitamin D3 in three different groups of people, healthy, overweight and obese will be done with an aim to measure its implication in these people.After this, analysis will be done measuring different factors that are associated with obesity. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Old, healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women participants with BMI ≠¥25 kg/ and ages between 18-50 years will be included for the study. Healthy participants will be free from metabolic bone disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, renal disease and will not be on anymedication, or vitamin supplements. , pregnant or lactating women will be excluded from the study. In addition, individuals with changes in body weight more than 3 kg within last three months prior to the experiment will also be excluded from the study. Finally, the participants who follow the weight-loss programs or are taking weight loss drugs and smoking will be excluded from the study. Research intentions To address the aims, this study is based upon the following research intentions. These will betested in the laboratory. Assessment of body fat mass and fat free mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and end of study Assessment of energy and nutrient intakes by 24h food recall and validated food frequency questionnaires, which will then be analyzed for nutrient intake Analysis of blood serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone at baseline and end of study Measurement of vitamin D level in the participants’ blood to determine the fluctuation in its level and its affect. Measurement of vitamin D levels of obese and healthy weight participants to establish the difference in the level of vitamin D in these two groups of people. Measurement of vitamin D post digestion to determine the amount of ingested vitamin D to show their fluctuationsbefore and after ingestion in the participants of different groups. To conclude, the main aim of this study will be to investigate the effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women. The association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity is well established. Obesity still remains one of major health challenges. Despite of intense research, the exact cause of obesity still remains obscure. Both genetic and environmental factors have been reported to be associated with obesity, but none of them completely illustrate the mechanism behind it. But recently, the link between vitamin D3 and obesity has gained some interest. Since obesity is associated with many pathological conditions including cancer and cardiovascular disease, unraveling the potent cause and mechanism of obesity will provide insights into the development of promising therapeutics for obesity and obesity related diseases. Also, in the future, References Alqurashi Khalid A, Aljabri Khalid S, BokhariSamia A.   (2011) Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community. Ann Saudi Med.;31:19–23. Ardawi MS, Sibiany AM, Bakhsh TM, Qari MH, Maimani AA. (2012) ‘High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy Saudi Arabian men: relationship to bone mineral density, parathyroid hormone, bone turnover markers, and lifestyle factors’ Osteoporos Int. 23(2):675-86. El Mouzan MI, Al Herbish AS, Al Salloum AA, Al Omar AA, Qurachi MM (2012) ‘Regional variation in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi children and adolescents.’ Saudi J Gastroenterol, 18(2):129-32. Rock, CL, et.al.(2012). Obesity.  Weight loss is associated with increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in overweight or obese women.  20(11), 2296-2301. Salehpour A, Hosseinpanah F, Shidfar F, Vafa M, Razaghi M, Dehghani S, Hoshiarrad A, Gohari M. A (2012) ‘12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial of vitamin Dâ‚Æ' supplementation on body fat mass in healthy overweight and obese women.’ Nutr J. 22;11:78 Turer, CD, Lin, H and Flores, G. (2013).Pediatrics.  Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among overweight and obese US children.  131(1), 152-161. Wortsman, J, et.al. (2000). American Society for Clinical Nutrition.  Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity.  72(3), 690-693.

20th century poetry Essay Example for Free

20th century poetry Essay ? We have been giving to 20th century poems to examine. They are â€Å"Evans† by R. S Thomas and â€Å"Death in Leamington† by Sir John Betjeman. Both poems are about death, but in two very different situations. I will examine the poem Evans first of all. Evans was written by a man called R. S Thomas. He lived from 1913-2000. he was born in Cardiff. He became a clergyman and taught himself welsh so he could work with the people in the hills, because not many of them spoke English at this time. Evans is a 20th Century poem. The poem begins as if the writer is talking to somebody else. It looks like the other person has asked him something like, â€Å"Do you remember a man Evans? † and the writer replies, â€Å"yes, many a time. † The first verse of the poem describes Evans’ house. It talks about the â€Å"bare† stairs and the â€Å"gaunt† kitchen. We can depict from the first verse that Evans was a poor man, his house is not at all well furbished, and he doesn’t have much to his name. Everything that Evans owns has a dull, dreary adjective attached to it, like stark farm and black kettle. His kitchen must be filthy because crickets can be heard. The last line of this verse tells us that he lives on a lone farm upon a hill. From this verse we have found out that this man is poor, lonely and doesn’t really care much about what his house looks like. The 2nd verse tells us that something appals the speaker. He says that it isn’t the darkness around him, which seems to fill his mouth and that it isn’t the tree that the rain drips off. I think the tree is symbolism, because the speaker says, â€Å"of rain like blood form that one tree, weather tortured. † I think he is really describing Evans appearance. The speaker says that it’s the veins of Evans. He sees darkness in them, and that it is â€Å"silting† them. Silt is the thick sandy substance at the bottom of rivers. I think it means that the darkness is trapped in Evans’ veins and that it is slowly killing him. The writer says, â€Å"I left stranded upon the vast and lonely shore of his bleak bed. † The writer believes that he has failed is his job, which is to comfort the sick if they are going to die. The writer feels that he is inadequate and that he hasn’t done what he wanted to. Again we see another dreary adjective attached to one of Evans possessions, his bleak bed. The word lonely is used again here. The writer wants to get the point across that Evans has no one, no family or friends to comfort him, that is why the writer feels so bad that he cant do this for him. This poem is about the bad way to die, all on your own and no one to comfort you. The next poem, Death in Leamington, is about the other way to pass on. Death in Leamington was written by Sir John Betjeman. Poets of his day liked to write poems making fun of the middle class people. The first verse tells us that someone has died, and that it is a woman. It has happened in the late evening. She has died in her bedroom. The room has a plate glass window, which means this place wherever she was staying must has been pretty well off. The second verse gives us a little more insight to the woman. She owned a crochet, which means she must have been quite old. It lay beside her bed, which means she can’t have been too old because she was still able to walk. Again the writer tells us that she is dead. 20th century poetry. (2017, Oct 29).

To Defend a Killer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

To Defend a Killer - Essay Example When this generalization is applied to the current circumstances, it becomes clear that the solicitor’s actions could not have been following utilitarianism as he did not know the outcome of his actions. It could have been possible that his forged signature would enabled Jane’s freedom but it was also possible that his forgery would have been caught leaving him in peril. Thus, when the solicitor was taking the action of forging Jane’s signatures, he was exposing both Jane and himself to risk which does not conform to utilitarianism as it requires the greatest happiness for all involved. However, when the consequences of the solicitor’s actions are considered, it becomes clear that his action was utilitarian in nature as it ensured Jane’s freedom and did not put the solicitor in danger either. In this sense, the solicitor’s action is utilitarian in nature. Ethical egoism contends that moral agents ought to act in order to preserve their self-interest (Sanders, July, 1988). However, this does not mean that ethical egoism is beyond ethical measure because it is extremely self-centered. Instead, the ethical egoist perspective delineates that a moral agent can only act in self-interest if the interest of another person are not endangered (Smith, 2006). When the current case is reviewed it becomes clear that one person, Jane was already in danger and that the solicitor acted to minimize the danger present to her. However, in doing so the solicitor exposed himself to danger knowingly because if the forged signatures were detected, the solicitor would be punished under law. This behavior on the part of the solicitor puts him in direct conflict with the ethical egoist perspective as ethical egoism would advocate protecting personal interests. Under the ethical egoism domain, the solicitor should have left the case as is because his